黑人纯素食群体七招打破人们对纯素食者的刻板印象

原文：https://vegnews.com/2020/8/7-ways-black-vegans-are-destroying-vegan-stereotypes

注：译文谨供参考。

7 WAYS BLACK VEGANS ARE DESTROYING VEGAN STEREOTYPES

黑人纯素食群体七招打破人们对纯素食者的刻板印象

From creating a new category of vegan restaurants to designing plant-based beauty products for their skin, Black vegans are defining what it means to be Black and vegan.

从创办新一类的纯素食餐馆到专门设计植物性的护肤美容产品，黑人纯素食群体正在各领域积极塑造黑人和纯素食者的典范。

by DYANDRA RAYE

作者：DYANDRA RAYE

I’m part of a growing community of Black vegans who are eschewing the standard American diet and working to dispel the prevailing myth that veganism is an unapproachable lifestyle. For me, “Black” and “vegan” are two nouns that merged naturally when I began my vegan journey after experiencing sickness from dairy and meat. I have since become an enthusiastic spokesperson for Black veganism, especially among my meat-loving family members. “When is your diet going to be over?” my Grandmom asked me. “Where do you get your protein from?” is a question I am confronted with on a regular basis. “Vegan fashion isn’t the most stylish” is a misconception that even I previously believed. The truth is that Black veganism is a diverse and creative movement that is redefining what veganism means outside mainstream stereotypes. Here are seven ways Black vegans are proving that a vegan lifestyle is attainable for all.

黑人纯素食者的群体不断壮大，他们坚决摒弃“标准美国饮食”（即大量食用动物制品的西方饮食习惯），同时努力打破以下这个流传甚广的谬论：纯素食主义（veganism）是一种高不可攀的生活方式。我本人有幸也是黑人纯素食群体当中的一分子。自从吃奶制品和肉类食品使我生病之后，我就开始踏上了自己的纯素食之旅，“黑人”和“纯素食者”这两个名称在我身上自然融为一体。随后，我还成为了黑人纯素食主义的一名热情倡导者，特别是在我那些嗜好肉食的家人们面前。我的祖母（惊讶地）问我：“你的这种饮食方式要到什么时候结束？”我经常遇到别人提出的另一个问题是“你从哪里获得蛋白质？”（不少尚未亲自体验素食生活的人内心充满了对纯素食者的疑问甚至误解，）就连我之前也相信了“纯素时尚不是最时髦的”这个错误观点。但事实上，黑人纯素食主义确是一场多姿多彩和富有创意的运动，正在重新定义超越主流成见的货真价实的纯素食主义。黑人纯素食群体从下列7个方面不断证明，人人都能够践行（健康、环保、慈悲……的）纯素生活方式。

1. We’re using veganism to fight health disparities head-on.

1、我们采用纯素生活方式直接消除健康差距。

Because of historical circumstances such as slavery and institutionalized racism, healthy foods have been kept out of our communities and cheap, processed foods are offered instead, creating a healthcare crisis for Black people. Consequently, our top health-related diseases are diabetes and high blood pressure. Black veganism is helping change this narrative by going back to our roots and embracing a diet that was once part of our rich history. While veganism may not be a cure, a healthy plant-based diet has been shown to help lower blood sugar and keep your heart strong—and ultimately challenges the poor health standards that have been set within our communities. 

由于奴隶制和制度化种族主义等历史原因，我们黑人社区得不到健康的食品，供应给我们的都是一些价廉质劣的加工食品，从而给我们黑人群体造成了医疗保健危机。所以，糖尿病和高血压成为了影响我们健康的高发疾病。通过返朴归根，重新采纳曾属于我们丰富历史的一部分的饮食方式，黑人纯素食主义正在帮助我们扭转这种不利境况。虽然纯素生活方式也许不是一种治疗方法，但是健康的植物性饮食已被证明有助于降低血糖并保持心脏强健──最终让我们得以反抗为黑人社区设立的低劣健康标准。

2. We’re putting the “soul” back in vegan food.

2、我们把“灵魂”放回到纯素食品中。

One of the biggest complaints about vegan cuisine is its lack of diversity and flavor. Black chefs are changing the way we think about vegan food by putting a spin on traditional dishes we’ve come to love. Health-minded influencers such as Tabitha Brown and innovative chefs such as Jenné Claiborne are teaching us how to veganize cultural dishes in a flavorful and authentic way. From Brown’s carrot bacon (which went viral for a reason) to a whole roasted cabbage turkey ideal for holidays, nourishment and taste have become a vegan standard. 

人们对纯素食烹饪的最大抱怨之一是认为其缺少变化和风味。通过重新演绎我们喜爱的各种传统菜肴，黑人厨师们正在改变大家关于纯素食的看法。一些重视健康的有影响力者（如Tabitha Brown）和创新厨师们（如Jenné Claiborne）教我们怎样以美味正宗的手法纯素化各种文化菜肴。从Tabitha Brown创作的“胡萝卜培根”（其迅速走红可不是无缘无故的）到节假日的理想大餐“烤整颗卷心菜火鸡”，都可以看出营养和美味已经成为了纯素食标准。

3. We’re reimagining traditional proteins.

3、我们重新构想传统蛋白质食品。

Historically, low-quality meats have been our main source of protein during slavery and beyond. With more protein options now available to us, such as seitan, tofu, and mushrooms, showstopping dishes have surfaced to replace traditional options—think vegan fried chicken made from oyster mushrooms (which will make you question the real thing) and pulled pork sandwiches that are slow-cooked just like their meat counterparts.

在奴隶制及以后的历史时期，低质量肉类一直是我们黑人食用的主要蛋白质来源。随着可供我们选择的（纯素）蛋白质食材愈加丰富，例如面筋、豆腐和蘑菇等，现在已经出现了一些令人拍案叫绝的（纯素食）菜肴，可用来取代传统的（动物）蛋白质食品──试想一下那些可以像原来肉类一样细调慢烹的纯素美食，譬如用平菇制作的纯素炸鸡（达到了以假乱真的效果）、纯素手撕猪肉三明治、等等。

4. We’re establishing a new category of vegan restaurants.

4、我们打造新一类的纯素食餐馆。

Introducing ways to help combat the presence of unhealthy fast-food chains, Black-owned vegan restaurants are popping up in neighborhoods worldwide. Fast-food restaurants are twice as prevalent in poor and predominantly Black neighborhoods, so we’re attempting to transform the system by offering alternatives that are affordable, filling, and flavorful. Black-owned restaurants across the country have this very goal in mind, such as Greedi Kitchen—one of Brooklyn, New York’s best-kept secrets—that creates an authentic vegan Po’ Boy sandwich and melt-in-your-mouth mac and cheese.

为了增加有效手段进一步对抗继续存在的不健康的快餐连锁店，世界各地黑人拥有的纯素食餐馆如雨后春笋般涌现。贫穷黑人聚居区内随处可见的快餐店数量竟然是其他地方的两倍，故此，我们通过向消费者供应负担得起、容易饱腹和美味可口的（植物性）替代食品，力图全面改革目前这个不健康的餐饮系统。美国各地黑人拥有的（纯素食）餐馆都志在实现这一宏伟目标，例如纽约市布鲁克林区最鲜为人知的其中一家纯素食餐馆──Greedi Kitchen──创造了地道正宗的纯素美食“穷小子三明治”和入口即化的纯素奶酪通心粉。

5. We’re designing fashion for the future.

5、我们设计未来的时尚。

Fashion is a staple of the Black community; in fact, some say it’s in our DNA. No matter the class, fashion can be seen throughout our culture. Many think vegan fashion looks too eco-friendly or only comes in dull colors. Quite the contrary, there are many Black vegan designers who offer stylish clothing and accessories, such as Jo-Anne Vernay for luxury vegan shoes made from pineapples, Telfar for a collection of iconic unisex vegan bags, and Studio 189 for naturally dyed clothing made in Africa.

时尚是黑人群体的一个重要特征；实际上有些人声称，时尚是我们（黑人）骨子里头的东西。时尚可以说贯穿了我们整个的文化，包括社会的各个阶层。许多人认为，纯素时尚产品看上去过于环保或者颜色千篇一律的暗淡单调。然而恰恰相反的是，现在有很多黑人纯素设计师创作时髦流行的服装和配饰，譬如Jo-Anne Vernay公司采用菠萝（叶纤维）材料制造豪华纯素鞋、Telfar公司推出偶像级的中性纯素袋系列、Studio 189公司在非洲生产（色彩缤纷的）天然染色服装、等等。

6. We’re creating cruelty-free beauty products for our skin.

6、我们创造零残忍的护肤美容产品。

Stepping outside with a bold lip, finished brow, or glowing skin is something most of us are not willing to give up for a vegan lifestyle. That’s no longer an issue now that Black-owned vegan and cruelty-free brands have started making beauty and skincare products that are made specifically for our skin. In recent years, many of these brands have become industry leaders by promoting beauty, veganism, and Blackness, such as lipstick brand The Lip Bar and CBD-based beauty brand Brown Girl Jane.

在日常的纯素生活当中，外出时展现鲜艳唇彩、精致眉妆或亮丽肤色是我们大部分人都不愿意放弃的一件事情。但是现在不会再有这样的纠结了，因为黑人拥有的零残忍纯素品牌已经开始生产专门为我们皮肤设计的美容和护肤产品。在近几年中，很多这类的品牌，诸如口红品牌The Lip Bar和以大麻二酚（CBD）为原料的美容品牌Brown Girl Jane等，通过大力促进美容事业、纯素生活方式和黑人民族性（blackness），已经发展成为了行业的领导者。

7. We’re advocating for our communities.

7、我们在自己社区内开展倡导工作。

In addition to advocating for animal welfare, improving human health, and promoting environmental sustainability, our core values are community-building and empowerment. Through social media influencers and initiatives that advocate for Black veganism, such as Plant Powered Sistas and Black VegFest, we are thriving through unity and teaching our communities the power of vegan food. The more we educate and inform about what it means to be Black and vegan, the more social change we will see.

除了倡导动物福利、改善人类健康和促进环境可持续发展，我们的核心价值观还包括社区建设和赋能。通过诸如Plant Powered Sistas和Black VegFest这样的社交媒体影响者和各种倡议，积极倡导黑人纯素食主义，我们团结一致繁荣发展，向我们的社区广泛宣扬纯素饮食的力量。我们通过大力开展宣传教育活动，让人们更加了解真正的黑人和纯素食者，那么我们也将会看到更多的社会变革。

Dyandra Raye is a plant-based fashion advocate and founder of Jo-Anne Vernay luxury vegan shoes made from pineapples.

（本文作者）黛安德拉·雷伊（Dyandra Raye）是采用菠萝（叶纤维）材料制造豪华纯素鞋的Jo-Anne Vernay公司创始人，同时也是一名植物性时尚倡导者。